Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Background: Neglected tropical diseases are a growing threat to global health, and endemic Chagas disease has emerged as one of the most important health problems in America. The main strategy to prevent Trypanosoma cruzi transmission is chemical control of vectors. This study presents a descriptive analysis of synanthropic triatomines before and after the implementation of a vector-control program in Bahia, Brazil. Methods: Descriptive analysis and geospatial statistics were performed on triatomine data, (1) the relative abundance and (2) proportional spatial distribution, from Bahia during two periods: (A) 1957 to 1971 and (B) 2006 to 2019. Results: We observed a decrease in the relative abundance of Panstrongylus megistus (A: n=22.032, 61.9%; B: n=1.842, 1.0%) and Triatoma infestans (A: n=1.310, 3.7%; B: n=763, 0.43%), as well as an increase in the relative abundance of T. sordida (A: n=8.314, 23.4%, B: n=146.901, 81.6%) and T. pseudomaculata (A: n=894, 2.5%, B: n=16.717, 9.3%). Conclusions: Our results indicate a clear reduction in the occurrence of P. megistus and T. infestans (last record in 2015) and an increase in the relative abundance and geographical distribution of T. sordida and T. pseudomaculata after 40 years of the vector-control program. The high frequency of other triatomine species in the municipalities of the state of Bahia and their abundance in recent years highlight the need to reinforce permanent entomological surveillance actions to prevent Chagas disease.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0732-2021

Sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids from oilseeds in dairy cows diets can alter yield of and fatty acid profile in milk
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WANDERLEY, Alysson Martins

; ÍTAVO, Luís Carlos Vinhas

; SANTOS, Geraldo Tadeu dos

; ÍTAVO, Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira

; DIAS, Alexandre Menezes

; DIFANTE, Gelson dos Santos

; GURGEL, Antonio Leandro Chaves

; CUNHA, Camila Soares

; MATEUS, Rodrigo Gonçalves

; CARDOSO, Claudia Andréa Lima

; OLIVEIRA, Marcus Vinícius Moraes de

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e119021

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Our hypothesis was that different sources of unsaturated fatty acids from oilseeds (sunflower, soybeans, and cottonseed) could alter milk yield, fatty acid profile, and the amount of unsaturated fatty acids yielded in milk. It aimed to evaluate the effects of lipid sources on yield and composition and fatty acids in milk of primiparous Girolando cows. Five cows in lactation (35 ± 8 days), with 410 ± 7.15 kg BW were randomly distributed in a 5 x 5 Latin square. Five experimental diets, namely a control diet without an additional source of lipid and four diets with different lipid sources: cottonseed, sunflower seed, whole soybean, or soybean oil, as lipid source, to reach 70 g/kg of ethereal extract dry matter basis were used. Cottonseed and soybean oil addition reduced daily yield by 15 and 22%. Oilseed can alter fatty acid profile in milk. Whole soybean provided greater daily milk and fatty acids yields.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.119021

Stronger control-surveillance systems for vector-borne Chagas disease controlsurveillance control surveillance vectorborne vector borne
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Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2022, Volume 117 elocation e210130chgsb

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760210130chgsb

Phenotypic and genetic variation of Triatoma costalimai (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)
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Vendrami, Daniel Pagotto

; Ceretti-Junior, Walter

; Obara, Marcos Takashi

; Mendonça, Vagner José

; Fonseca, Eduardo Oyama Lins

; Medeiros-Sousa, Antonio Ralph

; Marrelli, Mauro Toledo

; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2021, Volume 54 elocation e00282020

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: We aimed to study intraspecific variation in Triatoma costalimai, a potential vector of Chagas disease present in Brazil and Bolivia. METHODS: We analyzed phenotypic (connexivum color patterns, wing morphometrics) and genetic variation (16S mtDNA) of three Brazilian T. costalimai populations. We compared 16S sequences with those of putative Bolivian T. costalimai and its sister species, T. jatai. RESULTS: Brazilian populations had different connexivum color patterns and forewing shapes. A 16S mtDNA haplotype network showed a clear separation of Brazilian T. costalimai from both T. jatai and Bolivian T. costalimai. CONCLUSIONS: We report considerable variability in T. costalimai populations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0028-2020 482 downloads

Aplicações do Deep Learning para diagnóstico de doenças e identificação de insetos vetores
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Souza, Ewerton Pacheco de

; Gomes, Ciro Martins

; Barroso, Daniel Holanda

; Miranda, Vinícius Lima de

; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

Saúde em Debate

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Nov 2019, Volume 43 Nº spe2 Páginas 147 - 154

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Deep Learning é uma técnica de aprendizado de máquina na qual o programa computacional aprende padrões diretamente a partir de imagens classificadas previamente. O presente ensaio objetivou apresentar essa técnica e algumas de suas aplicações para diagnóstico de doenças e identificação de insetos vetores para incentivar profissionais da saúde que não tenham conhecimento aprofundado em informática e que desejem utilizar a ferramenta para realizar análises automatizadas. Deep Learning tem sido aplicado para diagnóstico de câncer, fibrose cardíaca, tuberculose, detecção de parasitos como Plasmodium e Leishmania e ainda para identificação de insetos vetores. Na Universidade de Brasília, a técnica tem sido aplicada para desenvolver uma ferramenta para identificar lesões ulceradas de leishmaniose em diagnóstico diferencial e para detectar Leishmania em lâminas de estudos histopatológicos. Além disso, Deep Learning tem sido usado para identificar as espécies de vetores da doença de Chagas – o que é importante para auxiliar na vigilância epidemiológica. O uso da tecnologia envolve desafios éticos e procedimentais que são discutidos no presente ensaio. O ensaio aponta perspectivas de desenvolvimento de aplicativos que auxiliem os profissionais de saúde no diagnóstico de Leishmaniose e de vetores da doença de Chagas, o que vai ao encontro dos objetivos da pesquisa translacional.

ABSTRACT Deep Learning is a machine learning technique in which the computational algorithm learns patterns directly from images previously classified. The present essay aims to show some of its applications for clinical diagnosis and identification of insect vectors to encourage health professionals who do not have deep knowledge of computer science and who wish to use the tool to perform automated analyzes. Deep Learning has been applied to the diagnosis of cancer, cardiac fibrosis, tuberculosis, detection of parasites such as Plasmodium and Leishmania, and to identify insect vectors. At the University of Brasília, Deep Learning has been used to develop a tool to identify ulcers caused by leishmaniasis, as well as to detect Leishmania parasites. Moreover, Deep Learning was applied to identify the species of vectors of Chagas disease, an important contribution to the epidemiological surveillance of the disease. The use of Deep Learning involves some ethical and procedural issues that are discussed in this paper. Finally, the essay points out perspectives of development of apps that assist health professionals in the diagnosis of Leishmaniasis and Chagas disease vectors, which meets the goals of translational research.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042019s211

Pesquisa translacional em saúde coletiva: desafios de um campo em evolução
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Barreto, Jorge Otávio Maia

; Silva, Everton Nunes da

; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

; Rosa, Suélia de Siqueira Rodrigues Fleury

; Felipe, Maria Sueli Soares

; Santos, Leonor Maria Pacheco

Saúde em Debate

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Nov 2019, Volume 43 Nº spe2 Páginas 4 - 9

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042019s200

Aplicações do Deep Learning para diagnóstico de doenças e identificação de insetos vetores
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Souza, Ewerton Pacheco de

; Gomes, Ciro Martins

; Barroso, Daniel Holanda

; Miranda, Vinícius Lima de

; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

Saúde em Debate

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Nov 2019, Volume 43 Nº spe2 Páginas 147 - 154

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042019s211 1001 downloads

Pesquisa translacional em saúde coletiva: desafios de um campo em evolução
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Barreto, Jorge Otávio Maia

; Silva, Everton Nunes da

; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

; Rosa, Suélia de Siqueira Rodrigues Fleury

; Felipe, Maria Sueli Soares

; Santos, Leonor Maria Pacheco

Saúde em Debate

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Nov 2019, Volume 43 Nº spe2 Páginas 4 - 9

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042019s200 432 downloads

Good manufacturing practices of minimally processed vegetables reduce contamination with pathogenic microorganisms
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Maldonade, Iriani Rodrigues

; Ginani, Verônica Cortez

; Riquette, Roberta Figueiredo Resende

; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

; Mendes, Vinícios Silveira

; Machado, Eleuza Rodrigues

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2019, Volume 61 elocation e14

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Consumption of ready-to-eat (RTE) vegetables is quick, easy and healthy, especially when eaten without cooking. However, they might be a source of foodborne pathogenic microorganisms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and parasitological contamination of fresh RTE vegetables produced in agroindustries in the Federal District of Brazil (FD), and to correlate contamination with good manufacturing practices (GMP). One hundred and three samples of RTE vegetables were collected from six agroindustries for microbiology and parasitology analyses and correlate with GMP; 54 samples were collected from three hypermarkets for parasitological evaluation. None of the samples analyzed were positive for Salmonella sp. and for thermotolerant coliforms, but they were contaminated with total coliforms. All analyzed samples were contaminated with at least one species of enteroparasistes or commensals, which were identified as Ascaris sp., Balantidium coli, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Hookworm, Strongyloides sp., Trichuris sp., Entamoeba sp., eggs and larvae of Nematoda, insects and fungi. Agroindustries that adopted GMP showed less contamination with helminths. RTE vegetables sold in hypermarkets of the FD are unfit for human consumption. It is important to guide farmers in the FD on the need to adopt good practices in the production and processing of vegetables to reduce the microbial contamination.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201961014 2613 downloads

10.

The first Acanthamoeba keratitis case in the Midwest region of Brazil: diagnosis, genotyping of the parasite and disease outcome
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Alves, Daniella de Sousa Mendes Moreira

; Gonçalves, Gustavo Souza

; Moraes, Aline Silva

; Alves, Luciano Moreira

; Carmo Neto, José Rodrigues do

; Hecht, Mariana Machado

; Nitz, Nadjar

; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

; Bernardes, Geisa

; Castro, Ana Maria de

; Chalita, Maria Regina

; Vinaud, Marina Clare

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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Out 2018, Volume 51 Nº 5 Páginas 716 - 719

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract We report an Acanthamoeba keratitis case associated with the use of contact lens in a 28-year-old female from Brasília, Brazil. Samples from corneal scraping and contact lens case were used for culture establishment, PCR amplification, and partial sequencing (fragments of ~400kb) of small subunit rDNA; both culture and PCR were positive. The sequence analyses of the cornea and of isolates from the contact lens case showed similarity with the T4 genotype. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of T4 Acanthamoeba keratitis case from the Midwest region of Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0010-2018 2538 downloads

11.

Synanthropic triatomines as potential vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in Central Brazil
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Minuzzi-Souza, Thaís Tâmara Castro

; Nitz, Nadjar

; Cuba, César Augusto Cuba

; Santalucia, Marcelo

; Knox, Monique

; Hagström, Luciana

; Furtado, Camilla Bernardes

; Vital, Tamires Emanuele

; Obara, Marcos Takashi

; Hecht, Mariana Machado

; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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Dez 2017, Volume 50 Nº 6 Páginas 824 - 828

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease surveillance requires current knowledge on synanthropic triatomines. We analyzed the occurrence and Trypanosoma cruzi infection rates of triatomine bugs in central Brazil, during 2012-2014. METHODS: Triatomines were collected inside or around houses, and T. cruzi infection was determined by optical microscopy and conventional/quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Of the 2706 triatomines collected, Triatoma sordida was the most frequent species in Goiás State, whereas Panstrongylus megistus predominated in the Federal District. Parasites identified were T. cruzi, T. rangeli, and Blastocrithidia sp. CONCLUSIONS: P. megistus and T. sordida sustained the risk of T. cruzi transmission to humans in central Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0199-2017 987 downloads

12.

The role of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations: potential Leishmania spp. vectors in the Brazilian savanna
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Machado, Tâmara Dias Oliveira

; Minuzzi-Souza, Thaís Tâmara Castro

; Ferreira, Tauana de Sousa

; Freire, Luciana Pereira

; Timbó, Renata Velôzo

; Vital, Tamires Emanuele

; Nitz, Nadjar

; Silva, Mariana Neiva

; Santos Junior, Alcinei de Souza

; Sales, Nathyla Morgana Cunha

; Obara, Marcos Takashi

; Andrade, Andrey José de

; Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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Out 2017, Volume 112 Nº 10 Páginas 681 - 691

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Knowledge on synanthropic phlebotomines and their natural infection by Leishmania is necessary for the identification of potential areas for leishmaniasis occurrence. OBJECTIVE To analyse the occurrence of Phlebotominae in gallery forests and household units (HUs) in the city of Palmas and to determine the rate of natural infection by trypanosomatids. METHODS Gallery forests and adjacent household areas were sampled on July (dry season) and November (rainy season) in 2014. The total sampling effort was 960 HP light traps and eight Shannon traps. Trypanosomatids were detected in Phlebotominae females through the amplification of the SSU rDNA region, and the positive samples were used in ITS1-PCR. Trypanosomatid species were identified using sequencing. FINDINGS A total of 1,527 sand flies representing 30 species were captured in which 949 (28 spp.) and 578 (22 spp.) were registered in July and November, respectively. In July, more specimens were captured in the gallery forests than in the HUs, and Nyssomyia whitmani was particularly frequent. In November, most of the specimens were found in the HUs, and again, Ny. whitmani was the predominant species. Lutzomyia longipalpis was commonly found in domestic areas, while Bichromomyia flaviscutellata was most frequent in gallery forests. Molecular analysis of 154 pools of females (752 specimens) identified Leishmania amazonensis, L. infantum, and Crithidia fasciculata in Ny. whitmani, as well as L. amazonensis in Lu. longipalpis, Trypanosoma sp. and L. amazonensis in Pintomyia christenseni, and L. amazonensis in both Psathyromyia hermanlenti and Evandromyia walkeri. MAIN CONCLUSIONS These results show the importance of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations in the dry month, as well as their frequent occurrence in household units in the rainy month. This is the first study to identify Leishmania, Trypanosoma, and Crithidia species in Phlebotominae collected in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760170126 958 downloads

13.

Intestinal parasites in two indigenous ethnic groups in northwestern Amazonia
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OLIVEIRA, Raylene Andrade

; GURGEL-GONÇALVES, Rodrigo

; MACHADO, Eleuza Rodrigues

Acta Amazonica

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Set 2016, Volume 46 Nº 3 Páginas 241 - 246

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Aproximadamente 90% da população no noroeste da Amazônia é composta de grupos indígenas e o acesso deles aos serviços de saúde ainda é um desafio. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a frequência de parasitos em dois grupos indígenas (Baré e Baniwa) no noroeste da Amazônia. Amostras de fezes de 270 indivíduos (199 Baniwa e 71 Baré) foram analisadas pelos métodos de Richie e sedimentação espontânea. Foram determinadas diferenças estatísticas entre as proporções de indivíduos infectados com base no sexo, idade e etnia. Todos os indivíduos estavam infectados por protozoários ou helmintos. Os parasitos mais frequentes nos índios foram Ascaris lumbricoides (73%), Entamoeba spp. (53%), e Giardia intestinalis (48%). Protozoários parasitos foram mais comuns entre as crianças com idade entre 0-12 anos; no entanto, a frequência de ancilostomídeos e A. lumbricoides foi maior em adultos. Não houve diferenças significativas nas frequências de parasitos entre os diferentes sexos ou grupos étnicos. Infecções mistas por duas ou mais espécies de protozoários e/ou helmintos foram detectadas em 96% dos indivíduos. Um indivíduo estava infectado por 14 espécies. Uma alta frequência de parasitos intestinais foi encontrada em indígenas dos grupos Baré e Baniwa. Melhorias dos programas de infra-estrutura e educação em saúde são necessárias para reduzir o risco de infecção por parasitos intestinais.

ABSTRACT Approximately 90% of the population in the northwestern Amazonia is composed of indigenous people and their healthcare is still a challenge. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of parasites in two indigenous ethnic groups (Baré and Baniwa) in northwestern Amazonia. Stool samples from 270 individuals (199 Baniwa and 71 Baré) were analyzed using Richie's method and the spontaneous sedimentation method. Statistical differences among the proportions of infected individuals based on gender, age, and ethnicity were determined. All individuals were infected by protozoans or helminths. The most frequent parasites in the indigenous people were Ascaris lumbricoides (73%), Entamoeba spp. (53%), and Giardia intestinalis (48%). Protozoan parasites were more common among children aged 0-12 years; however, the frequency of helminths, such as hookworms and A. lumbricoides, was higher in adults. There were no significant differences in parasite frequencies between different genders or ethnic groups. Mixed infections by two or more protozoan and/or helminth species were detected in 96% of individuals. One individual was infected by 14 species. A high frequency of intestinal parasites was found in Baré and Baniwa ethnic groups. Improvements to infrastructure and health education programs are required to reduce risk of infection by intestinal parasites.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201505883 2274 downloads

14.

ERICA: prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adolescents
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Kuschnir, Maria Cristina C

; Bloch, Katia Vergetti

; Szklo, Moyses

; Klein, Carlos Henrique

; Barufaldi, Laura Augusta

; Abreu, Gabriela de Azevedo

; Schaan, Beatriz

; Veiga, Gloria Valeria da

; Silva, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da

; Vasconcellos, Maurício T L de

; Moraes, Ana Júlia Pantoja de

; Oliveira, Ana Mayra Andrade de

; Tavares, Bruno Mendes

; Oliveira, Cecília Lacroix de

; Cunha, Cristiane de Freitas

; Giannini, Denise Tavares

; Belfort, Dilson Rodrigues

; Santos, Eduardo Lima

; Leon, Elisa Brosina de

; Oliveira, Elizabete Regina Araújo

; Fujimori, Elizabeth

; Borges, Ana Luíza

; Magliano, Erika da Silva

; Vasconcelos, Francisco de Assis Guedes

; Azevedo, George Dantas

; Brunken, Gisela Soares

; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto

; Faria Neto, José Rocha

; Oliveira, Juliana Souza

; Carvalho, Kenia Mara B de

; Gonçalves, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira

; Monteiro, Maria Inês

; Santos, Marize M

; Muniz, Pascoal Torres

; Jardim, Paulo César B Veiga

; Ferreira, Pedro Antônio Muniz

; Montenegro Jr, Renan Magalhães

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; Vianna, Rodrigo Pinheiro

; Vasconcelos, Sandra Mary

; Martins, Stella Maris Seixas

; Goldberg, Tamara Beres Lederer

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2016, Volume 50 Supl. 1 elocation 11s

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO Determinar a prevalência de síndrome metabólica e de seus componentes em adolescentes brasileiros. MÉTODOS Foram avaliados 37.504 adolescentes, participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA), estudo transversal de âmbito nacional e de base escolar. Os adolescentes, de 12 a 17 anos de idade, residiam em municípios com mais de 100 mil habitantes. A amostra foi estratificada e conglomerada em escolas e turmas. Os critérios da International Diabetes Federation foram utilizados para definir síndrome metabólica. Prevalências de síndrome metabólica foram estimadas segundo sexo, faixa etária, tipo de escola e estado nutricional. RESULTADOS Dos 37.504 adolescentes, 50,2% eram do sexo feminino; 54,3% tinham de 15 a 17 anos e 73,3% estudavam em escolas públicas. A prevalência nacional de síndrome metabólica foi 2,6% (IC95% 2,3-2,9), discretamente maior no sexo masculino e naqueles de 15 a 17 anos na maioria das macrorregiões. A prevalência foi a maior nos residentes na macrorregião Sul, nas adolescentes mais jovens e nos adolescentes mais velhos. A prevalência foi maior nas escolas públicas (2,8% [IC95% 2,4-3,2]) que nas escolas privadas (1,9% [IC95% 1,4-2,4]) e nos adolescentes obesos em comparação aos não obesos. As combinações de componentes mais frequentes, respondendo por 3/4 das combinações, foram: circunferência de cintura elevada, HDL-colesterol baixo e pressão arterial elevada, seguida de circunferência da cintura elevada, lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL-c) baixo e triglicerídeos elevados, e wpor circunferência da cintura elevada, HDL baixa e triacilgliceróis e pressão arterial elevados. A HDL baixa foi o segundo componente mais frequente, mas a maior prevalência de síndrome metabólica (26,8%) foi observada na presença de triglicerídeos elevado. CONCLUSÕES O ERICA é o primeiro estudo nacional a apresentar prevalências de síndrome metabólica e descrever a participação dos seus componentes. Apesar de a prevalência da síndrome metabólica ter sido baixa, as altas prevalências de alguns componentes e de participação de outros na composição da síndrome torna importante o diagnóstico precoce de tais alterações, mesmo que não agrupadas na síndrome metabólica.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS We evaluated 37,504 adolescents who were participants in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, school-based, national study. The adolescents, aged from 12 to 17 years, lived in cities with populations greater than 100,000 inhabitants. The sample was stratified and clustered into schools and classes. The criteria set out by the International Diabetes Federation were used to define metabolic syndrome. Prevalences of metabolic syndrome were estimated according to sex, age group, school type and nutritional status. RESULTS Of the 37,504 adolescents who were evaluated: 50.2% were female; 54.3% were aged from 15 to 17 years, and 73.3% were from public schools. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 2.6% (95%CI 2.3-2.9), slightly higher in males and in those aged from 15 to 17 years in most macro-regions. The prevalence was the highest in residents from the South macro-region, in the younger female adolescents and in the older male adolescents. The prevalence was higher in public schools (2.8% [95%CI 2.4-3.2]), when compared with private schools (1.9% [95%CI 1.4-2.4]) and higher in obese adolescents when compared with nonobese ones. The most common combinations of components, referring to 3/4 of combinations, were: enlarged waist circumference (WC), low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) and high blood pressure; followed by enlarged WC, low HDL-c and high triglycerides; and enlarged WC, low HDL-c, high triglycerides and blood pressure. Low HDL was the second most frequent component, but the highest prevalence of metabolic syndrome (26.8%) was observed in the presence of high triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS ERICA is the first Brazilian nation-wide study to present the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and describe the role of its components. Despite the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome being low, the high prevalences of some components and participation of others in the syndrome composition shows the importance of early diagnosis of this changes, even if not grouped within the metabolic syndrome.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006701 1789 downloads

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ERICA: prevalences of hypertension and obesity in Brazilian adolescents
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Bloch, Katia Vergetti

; Klein, Carlos Henrique

; Szklo, Moyses

; Kuschnir, Maria Cristina C

; Abreu, Gabriela de Azevedo

; Barufaldi, Laura Augusta

; Veiga, Gloria Valeria da

; Schaan, Beatriz

; Silva, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da

; Moraes, Ana Julia Pantoja

; Oliveira, Ana Mayra Andrade de

; Tavares, Bruno Mendes

; Magliano, Erika da Silva

; Oliveira, Cecília Lacroix de

; Cunha, Cristiane de Freitas

; Giannini, Denise Tavares

; Belfort, Dilson Rodrigues

; Santos, Eduardo Lima

; Leon, Elisa Brosina de

; Oliveira, Elizabete Regina Araújo

; Fujimori, Elizabeth

; Borges, Ana Luíza

; Vasconcelos, Francisco de Assis Guedes

; Azevedo, George Dantas

; Brunken, Gisela Soares

; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto

; Faria Neto, José Rocha

; Oliveira, Juliana Souza

; Carvalho, Kenia Mara B. de

; Gonçalves, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira

; Monteiro, Maria Inês

; Santos, Marize M.

; Jardim, Paulo César B. Veiga

; Ferreira, Pedro Antônio Muniz

; Montenegro Jr., Renan Magalhães

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; Vianna, Rodrigo Pinheiro

; Vasconcelos, Sandra Mary

; Goldberg, Tamara Beres Lederer

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2016, Volume 50 Supl. 1 elocation 9s

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar as prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade e a fração atribuível populacional de hipertensão arterial devida à obesidade em adolescentes brasileiros. MÉTODOS Foram avaliados dados dos participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes, estudo seccional l nacional de base escolar. A amostra foi dividida em 32 estratos geográficos e conglomerados de escolas e turmas, com representatividade nacional, macrorregional e de capitais. Obesidade foi classificada pelo índice de massa corporal segundo idade e sexo. Considerou-se hipertensão arterial a média da pressão arterial sistólica ou diastólica maior ou igual ao percentil 95 da curva de referência. Foram estimadas prevalências e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) de hipertensão arterial e de obesidade, nacionais e nas macrorregiões do País, por sexo e grupo etário, assim como as frações de hipertensão atribuíveis à obesidade na população. RESULTADOS Foram avaliados 73.399 estudantes, 55,4% do sexo feminino, com média de idade 14,7 anos (DP = 1,6). A prevalência de hipertensão arterial foi 9,6% (IC95% 9,0-10,3); sendo as mais baixas observadas nas regiões Norte, 8,4% (IC95% 7,7-9,2) e Nordeste, 8,4% (IC95% 7,6-9,2) e a mais alta na região Sul, 12,5% (IC95% 11,0-14,2). A prevalência de obesidade foi 8,4% (IC95% 7,9-8,9), mais baixa na região Norte e mais alta na Sul. As prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade foram maiores no sexo masculino. Adolescentes com obesidade tiveram prevalência de hipertensão arterial mais elevada, 28,4% (IC95% 25,5-31,2), do que aqueles com sobrepeso, 15,4% (IC95% 13,8-17,0), ou eutróficos, 6,3% (IC95% 5,6-7,0). A fração de hipertensão arterial atribuível à obesidade foi de 17,8%. CONCLUSÕES O ERICA foi o primeiro estudo brasileiro com representatividade nacional a estimar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial aferida em adolescentes. A fração da prevalência de hipertensão arterial atribuível à obesidade mostrou que cerca de 1/5 dos hipertensos poderiam não ser hipertensos se não fossem obesos.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension and obesity and the population attributable fraction of hypertension that is due to obesity in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Data from participants in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), which was the first national school-based, cross-section study performed in Brazil were evaluated. The sample was divided into 32 geographical strata and clusters from 32 schools and classes, with regional and national representation. Obesity was classified using the body mass index according to age and sex. Arterial hypertension was defined when the average systolic or diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to the 95th percentile of the reference curve. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of arterial hypertension and obesity, both on a national basis and in the macro-regions of Brazil, were estimated by sex and age group, as were the fractions of hypertension attributable to obesity in the population. RESULTS We evaluated 73,399 students, 55.4% female, with an average age of 14.7 years (SD = 1.6). The prevalence of hypertension was 9.6% (95%CI 9.0-10.3); with the lowest being in the North, 8.4% (95%CI 7.7-9.2) and Northeast regions, 8.4% (95%CI 7.6-9.2), and the highest being in the South, 12.5% (95%CI 11.0-14.2). The prevalence of obesity was 8.4% (95%CI 7.9-8.9), which was lower in the North region and higher in the South region. The prevalences of arterial hypertension and obesity were higher in males. Obese adolescents presented a higher prevalence of hypertension, 28.4% (95%CI 25.5-31.2), than overweight adolescents, 15.4% (95%CI 17.0-13.8), or eutrophic adolescents, 6.3% (95%CI 5.6-7.0). The fraction of hypertension attributable to obesity was 17.8%. CONCLUSIONS ERICA was the first nationally representative Brazilian study providing prevalence estimates of hypertension in adolescents. Regional and sex differences were observed. The study indicates that the control of obesity would lower the prevalence of hypertension among Brazilian adolescents by 1/5.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006685 1511 downloads

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